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The motherboard is the main board that is screwed directly inside the computer case.

Larger form factors: Supports ATX and XL-ATX motherboards.

Standard form factor: Supports standard ATX motherboards.

Small form factor: Supports micro ATX motherboards.

Very small form factor: Supports Mini ITX motherboards.

List of computer case sizes (known as form factor): You can get them made from cheap metals or good quality materials that provide you with a sturdy design. You can get a plain grey desktop case or one with colored lighting everywhere to make it look spectacular.Ĭomputer cases rely on computer fans inside them to create proper airflow to keep all the internals cool and working reliably.Ī computer case, like most things, varies in quality. Some are designed so well that it is easy to make everything look tidy and presentable.Ĭases come in all different sizes and shapes to accommodate various types of computer components and satisfy the consumer’s needs.ĭesign elements can vary from plain to highly elaborate. It is usually designed in such a manner to make fitting a motherboard, wiring, and drives as easy as possible.

This is the component that holds all of the parts to make up the computer system. Here is a complete list of all the common computer hardware components and common peripherals used with them.

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Full list of basic computer parts and what they do Knowing what the component is, is good, but we will explain each part’s function, giving you a firmer understanding of them. Not only is it a good entry point, but it’s also something good to know for curiosity’s sake. It’s a great place to start if you want to learn about modern computers.

Common peripheral components for computers.

Graphics Card or Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

List of computer case sizes (known as form factor):.

Full list of basic computer parts and what they do.

Random access memory image how to#

The BIOS can be compared to the part of your brain that tells your heart how to beat. The BIOS also tells the computer how to input and output information.

Such items include the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System), which stores the most basic commands for the computer, telling it how it should start up. Information that the computer always needs, that cannot be changed or deleted (unless it is EEPROM), is normally kept in read-only memory (ROM), which does not lose its contents when the computer is turned off. When the computer is turned off, the information on the RAM disk is lost, which is why the files need to exist on permanent storage as well. This allows the files to open faster because RAM is faster than permanent storage. When the computer is turned on, files are copied to the RAM disk. RAM diskĪ computer can use a part of the RAM to store permanent files. The method has a limitation which is that permanent storage is often slower than RAM, which can slow down a computer. The extra data is then placed in the permanent storage instead of the RAM. This is useful when the RAM does not have enough space to store anymore information. Using virtual memory, a computer can combine permanent storage with RAM to create a bigger pool of storage. RAM may also be used for different things.

RAM is usually used to store information of running programs inside computers. Some computers have a little SRAM and mostly DRAM. This type has a built-in battery to make sure no data is lost if the computer is turned off. Static RAM (SRAM) needs power to keep its data, but does not need the computer to be active.

This limits which RAM chips a particular computer model can use. Different kinds of RAM often have differently shaped connectors. Some can use a small number of different kinds. Most computers can only use one kind of RAM. Different kinds of RAM usually will not work together in the same computer.